Isistimu yokugcina amandla yasekhaya, eyaziwa nangokuthi uhlelo lokugcina amandla ebhethri, umnyombo walo okuyibhethri yokugcina amandla eshajwayo, ngokuvamile esekelwe kumabhethri e-lithium-ion noma e-lead-acid, alawulwa yikhompuyutha, ngokubambisana nezinye izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezihlakaniphile nesofthiwe finyelela umjikelezo wokushaja nokukhipha. Amasistimu okugcina amandla asekhaya ngokuvamile angahlanganiswa nokukhiqizwa kwamandla we-photovoltaic asabalalisiwe ukuze kwakhe isistimu yokugcina i-optical yasekhaya, umthamo ofakiwe ungenisa ukukhula okusheshayo.
Imishini yehadiwe eyinhloko yesistimu yokugcina amandla ekhaya ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili zemikhiqizo, amabhethri nama-inverters. Kusukela ohlangothini lomsebenzisi, isistimu yokugcina i-photovoltaic yasekhaya ingaqeda imiphumela emibi yokuphela kwamandla kagesi empilweni evamile ngenkathi kunciphisa izikweletu zikagesi; ohlangothini lwegridi, izinto zokugcina amandla zasekhaya ezisekela ukuthunyelwa okuhlangene zingadambisa ukushuba kokusetshenziswa kukagesi phakathi namahora aphakeme futhi zinikeze ukulungiswa kwemvamisa kugridi.
Kusukela kuthrendi yebhethri, ibhethri yokulondoloza amandla ukuya ekuthuthukisweni komthamo ophezulu. Ngokukhula kokusetshenziswa kukagesi ezindlini, inani likagesi endlini ngayinye liye landa kancane kancane, ibhethri lingashintshwa ukuze kuzuzwe ukunwetshwa kwesistimu, kuyilapho amabhethri anamandla aphezulu eba umkhuba.
Kusuka kumkhuba we-inverter, isidingo se-inverter eyi-hybrid efanelekayo emakethe ekhulayo kanye nesiguquli se-off-grid ngaphandle kokuxhumeka kwegridi siyakhula.
Ngokuphathelene namathrendi womkhiqizo wokugcina, uhlobo lwamanje lokuhlukanisa luhamba phambili, okungukuthi, amasistimu ebhethri ne-inverter asetshenziswa ndawonye, futhi ukuthuthukiswa okulandelayo kuzoya kancane kancane kumshini wokuhlanganisa konke.
Kusukela kuthrendi yemakethe yesifunda, ukwakheka kwegridi ehlukile kanye nemakethe yamandla kubangela ukuthi imikhiqizo ejwayelekile ezifundeni ezihlukene yehluke kancane. Imodi exhunywe kwigridi eYurophu iyona imodi eyinhloko, i-United States ne-off-grid mode ingaphezulu, i-Australia ihlola imodi yokutshala amandla ebonakalayo.
Kungani imakethe yaphesheya kwezilwandle yokugcina amandla ekhaya iqhubeka nokukhula?
Zuza ekungeneni kwe-PV nesitoreji samandla esiphindwe kabili, isitoreji samandla sasekhaya saphesheya sikhula ngokushesha.
Ukufakwa kwe-photovoltaic, izinga eliphezulu laseYurophu lokuthembela kwamandla angaphandle, izingxabano zendawo zendawo zezwe zandisa inkinga yamandla, amazwe aseYurophu aselungise phezulu okulindelwe ukufakwa kwe-photovoltaic. Ukungena kwesitoreji samandla, ukukhuphuka kwamanani kagesi okubangelwa ukunyuka kwamanani kagesi okuhlala, umnotho wokugcina amandla, amazwe ethule izinqubomgomo zoxhaso ukuze kukhuthazwe ukufakwa kwendawo yokugcina amandla ezindlini.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimakethe zaphesheya nendawo yemakethe
I-United States, i-Europe, kanye ne-Australia yizimakethe zamanje ezinkulu zokugcina amandla ezindlini. Ngokombono wendawo yemakethe, kulindeleke ukuthi umthamo omusha womhlaba ka-2025 ofakiwe we-58GWh. 2015 isitoreji samandla sasekhaya somhlaba wonke saminyaka yonke esifakiwe sicishe sibe ngama-200MW, njengoba ngo-2017 ukukhula kwamandla afakiwe emhlabeni wonke kubonakala kakhulu, kuze kube ngu-2020 amandla amasha afakiwe emhlabeni wonke afinyelele ku-1.2GW, ukukhula konyaka ngonyaka ngama-30%.
Silindele ukuthi, uma sithatha isilinganiso sokungena kwesitoreji esingu-15% emakethe ye-PV esanda kufakwa ngo-2025, kanye nezinga lokungena kwesitoreji esingu-2% emakethe yamasheya, indawo yokugcina amandla yasendlini emhlabeni wonke ifinyelela ku-25.45GW/58.26GWh, ngokukhula okuhlanganisiwe. izinga lama-58% kumandla afakiwe ngo-2021-2025.
Izengezo zonyaka zomhlaba wonke ezifakiwe zokugcinwa kwamandla ekhaya (MW)
Yiziphi izixhumanisi ochungechungeni lwemboni ezizozuza?
Ibhethri ne-PCS yizingxenye ezimbili ezinkulu zohlelo lokugcina amandla ekhaya, okuyingxenye enenzuzo kakhulu yemakethe yokugcina amandla yasekhaya. Ngokwezibalo zethu, ngo-2025, umthamo omusha ofakiwe wesitoreji samandla sasekhaya uzoba ngu-25.45GW/58.26GWh, ohambelana no-58.26GWh wokuthunyelwa kwebhethri kanye no-25.45GW wokuthunyelwa kwe-PCS.
Kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2025, indawo yemakethe ekhulayo yamabhethri ibe ngama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-78.4, futhi indawo yemakethe ekhuphukayo ye-PCS izoba ngama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-20.9. Ngakho-ke, ibhizinisi lokugcina amandla embonini laba nengxenye enkulu yesabelo semakethe esikhulu, ukwakheka kwesiteshi, amabhizinisi aqinile azozuza.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-02-2024